外观
路白榆
524字约2分钟
2024-04-21
网关功能:
1.身份认证和权限校验
2.服务路由,负载均衡
3.请求限流
1.创建新的模块,引入相关依赖
<!--引入nacos服务发现依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--引入gateway网关依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
</dependency>
编写路由配置及nacos地址
server:
port: 10010
spring:
application:
name: gateway
cloud:
nacos:
server-addr: localhost:8848 #nacos地址
gateway:
routes:
- id: user-service #路由标识,必须唯一
uri: lb://userservice #路由的目标地址,lb代表负载均衡
predicates: #路由断言,判断请求是否符合规则
- Path=/user/** #路由断言,判断请求路径是否以/user开头
- id: order-service
uri: lb://orderservice
predicates:
- Path=/order/**
过滤器示例:
package cn.itcast.gateway.filter;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
@Order(-1) //指定过滤器的执行优先级,数字越小优先级越高
@Component
public class AuthorizeFilter implements GlobalFilter {
@Override
public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
//1.获取请求
ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
//2.获取请求参数
MultiValueMap<String, String> params = request.getQueryParams();
//3.从参数中获取值
String auth = params.getFirst("Authorization");
//4.判断参数是否等于admin
if("admin".equals(auth)){
//5.如果是放行
return chain.filter(exchange);
}
//6.如果不是,则拦截
//6.1设置状态码
exchange.getResponse().setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
//6.2拦截,请求结束
return exchange.getResponse().setComplete();
}
}
过滤器执行顺序(路由过滤器,默认过滤器,全局过滤器):
1.order值越小,优先级越高
2.当order值一样时,顺序是默认过滤器最先,然后是局部的过滤器,最后是全局过滤器
在application.yml中进行以下配置
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
globalcors:
add-to-simple-url-handler-mapping: true
cors-configurations:
'[/**]':
allowedOrigins: # 允许哪些网站的跨域请求
- "https://localhost:8090"
allowedMethods: # 允许的HTTP方法
- "GET"
- "POST"
- "PUT"
- "DELETE"
- "OPTIONS"
allowedHeaders: # 允许的HTTP头部信息
- "*"
allowCredentials: true # 是否允许携带Cookie
maxAge: 360000 # 预检请求(OPTIONS请求)的缓存时间